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A chest drain is a small tube that is placed through the skin into the space between the lungs and rib cage (the pleural space) to drain the fluid that has built up.
Bronchoscopy is a test which allows inspection of the windpipe and smaller air passages of the lungs using a flexible camera about the size of a pencil.
A lung nodule is a small growth in the lung. On a CT scan or chest x-ray it looks like an area of roundish shadowing less than 3cm (about 1 inch) across. It does not cause any symptoms.