Emollient therapy

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What is this information about?

This information is about using emollients, which are moisturizing creams for the skin. It tells you about different types of emollients; how to use and apply them; and a list of the different kinds available to buy.

What is an emollient?

Emollients are moisturizing treatments applied directly to the skin. They help to restore the barrier function of the skin, reduce itching, and increase the level of hydration. Emollients cover the skin with a protective film to trap in moisture. This makes the skin more flexible and less likely to break in the event of trauma.

Emollients are a vital part of daily skin care, particularly if you have fragile or aged skin, or if you have a condition that increases the risk of a wound.

What are leave-on emollients?

There are lots of different types of leave-on emollient that can be put directly on the skin. These usually come in cream or ointment form. They create a protective barrier over the skin to lock in moisture.

Some have added ingredients to reduce itching or prevent infection. Some help to draw moisture into the skin. These are called humectants.

Can I use a leave-on emollient instead of soap?

Yes. Everyday soaps, shampoos and shower gels usually dry out the skin and can make skin conditions worse. It is recommended to use leave-on emollients instead of soap if you have dry, flakey or itchy skin.

Where can I get emollients from?

You can buy emollients from a pharmacy without a prescription. If your skin condition is severe, talk to a GP, nurse or health visitor, as you may need stronger treatment.

If you use an emollient often, it is a good idea to keep some small portable pots or tubes in different locations so you can apply it regularly.

How should I use emollients on my skin?

Emollients should be applied directly to the skin. They should be smoothed, not rubbed, into the skin, gently, in the same direction that your hair grows. This helps prevent hair follicles getting blocked.

You may need to experiment with different emollients or try a combination to find one that you like.

How do I wash with emollients?

Take a teaspoon-sized blob of leave-on emollient or soap substitute in the palm of your hand with a little warm water and spread it over damp or dry skin. 

Rinse and pat the skin dry, being careful not to rub it. 

You can use leave-on emollients or soap substitutes for handwashing, showering or in the bath. They do not foam like normal soap but are just as effective at cleaning the skin. 

A fresh layer of emollient should be applied as soon as you have patted your skin dry to make sure it is properly absorbed.

Is emollient a fire risk?

Yes. Avoid exposure to fire, open flames, and cigarettes when using any type of emollient, whether it contains paraffin or not. Clothing, bedding, and dressings that have come into contact with emollients can catch fire easily.

Can I use aqueous cream as an emollient?

Aqueous cream is no longer recommended as an emollient. It contains an ingredient called sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) which can cause skin irritation such as burning, stinging, itching and redness. It contributes to dry skin which is at higher risk of breaking.

Different types of leave-on emollients

You may need to experiment with different emollients or try a combination to find one that you like. Some examples of widely available emollients are listed in the table below. Some are available on prescription or you can get them at your local pharmacy.  

Please note this is an example list and there are other products that are available. All emollients listed can be used as soap substitutes for washing apart from 50:50 Ointment, which is a very greasy ointment emollient.